MALANG, Tugujatim.id – Bromo is one of the mountains in East Java that is still active and has a lot of visitors every day. Not only does it offer tourists attraction, but it also has the unique traditions and culture of the Tengger Tribe in Bromo.
The Tengger Tribe is the original community in Bromo region of East Java. The population comes from the districts of Lumajang, Probolinggo, Pasuruan, and Malang. For now, the population of the Tengger Tribe is approximately 500 thousand people.
The people believe that Mount Bromo, which means Mount Brahma, is a holy mountain. Every year, they always perform traditional ceremonies and other traditions of the Tengger tribe.
Then what is the Tengger Tribe and what are the traditions they do? Check out this article and all your curiosity about the Tengger Tribe will be answered!
The Origin of the Name Tengger Tribe in Bromo
The abundant of local wisdom makes Tengger Tribe famous for unique culture by the Bromo visitors. Actually, Tengger here means stand still (berdiam diri in Indonesia) or stand upright (berdiri tegak in Indonesia).
This match with the characteristic of local people in Bromo that have ethics. Tengger is also from a combined names of the ancestors of Tengger Tribe, namely, Rara Anteng and Jaka Seger..
The Language of Tengger Tribe
Tengger Tribe people in Bromo usually use Javanese for communication. Javanese language that they use here is ngoko (especially use for peers) and kromo (especially use for older people).
Tradition of Tengger Tribe
1. Unan-Unan Ceremony
Unan-Unan ceremony performed by the Tengger Tribe is held once every five years in Ngadas Village, Malang Regency, East Java. This ceremony is mandatory for very village.
Unan-Unan ceremony is carried out with the aim of neutralizing negative things and forces. Not only for the Tengger people, but also all nature and its contents. This ceremony is carried out by presenting or serving ancak (container) containing buffalo heads.
2. Hari Raya Karo
Hari Raya Karo is another tradition performed by the Tengger people. This tradition is carried out about two months after the Yadnya Kasada ceremony (a ritual performed as an expression of gratitude and hope to be kept away from calamity) and opens with a sodoran dance (traditional dance) or commonly called karo dance.
The function of this traditional dance itself is a sign of respect for the ancestors as well as the tourists or guests who attend this ceremony. The implementation of this Karo This activity is carried out for 12 days and plus 2 days for the opening and closing activities of the ceremony.
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3. Ojung
Ojung or Ojung-Ojungan is one of the rituals performed by Tengger people. This activity is only carried out by adult men because it has an element of violence that intends to ask for rain.
In addition, this Ojung ritual also has a traditional dance. The dancers perform this dance bare-chested and alternately strike the opponent using the end of the rattan.
.4. Yadnya Kasada Ceremony
The Yadnya Kasada ceremony is a major day for the Tengger tribe of Hindus. This activity is commonly referred to as kasada which is an offering ceremony or offerings for Sang Hyang Widhi (the name of God in Hinduism) and the ancestors held every Kasada month.
This ceremony is carried out right at the foot of Mount Bromo at night until dawn. Kasada is also carried out with the aim of appointing a shaman or healer who is in every village around Mount Bromo.
In this tradition or ritual, Tengger people will throw offerings in the form of chicken, vegetables, and money into the crater of the mountain.
5. Entas-Entas Tradition
Entas-Entas here has the meaning of a description of shedding or raising the degree of ancestors who have died, so that they can get a better place afterlife.
This ceremony is carried out to purify the spirit or atma (in Hinduism is a tiny spark of Brahman that resides within every living being) for people who have died or efforts to commemorate the death of a family whose spirit can get a better place.
This ritual or tradition is carried out on the 1000th day or at least on the 44th day after the family has died. Entas-Entas itself comes from the Javanese language which means lifting.
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6. Pujan Mubeng Ceremony
This Pujan Mubeng ceremony is another tradition carried out by Tengger people. This ceremony is carried out in the ninth month or Panglong Kesanga, which is on the ninth day after the full moon.
In this Tengger tradition, the entire village community walks around the village with the shaman and while hitting the small drum starting from the eastern village and circling the four corners of the village.
The Pujan Mubeng ceremony is carried out to cleanse the village from disturbances and disasters. After completing the tour, the event ends with a meal together at the shaman’s house and the food comes from donations from the villagers.
Well, that’s some of the uniqueness of the traditions and customs of the Tengger Tribe in Bromo. It is hoped that Mount Bromo tourists can appreciate and love one of these cultures in Indonesia. If you visit this place, don’t forget to explore the uniqueness of the Tengger culture too!
Writer: Annisa Listya
Editor: Imam A. Hanifah
Editor Bahasa: Nugrahaningtyas FA MPd
